Including Boron Rich Bases
Incluant des Bases Riches en Bore
Inklusive Bororiĉajn Glazurbazojn.
http://highboron.blogspot.com/

Here are the results of a theoritical study using
Richard Zakin’s programme, Describ9.
This programme allows to obtain a statement of
the aspect of a glaze base already in use or of
one you want to develop. I have used this
programme since 1995 to develop many glaze
bases with success.

Voici les résultats d’une étude théorique
réalisée utilisant le programme developpé par
Richard Zakin, Describ9.
Ce programme vous permet d’obtenir un
jugement sur l’aspect d’une glaçure déjà
en service ou d’une que vous voulez développer.
J’ai utilisé ce programme depuis 1995 pour
développer plisieurs bases de glaçures avec
succès.

Jen faraĵoj de abstrakta esploro efektivigita
usante la programo kreita per Richard Zakin,
Describ9.
Tio programo vin ebligas akiri juĝon pri
glazuraspekto jam en servado aŭ kion vi volas
kreskigi. Mi usis tion programon ekde 1995 por
kreskigi plurajn glazurbazojn kun sukseso.

Cone 4 #1 Quintessence

Custer feldspar 48
Gerstley borate 12
Frit 3134 12
Silica 12
Barium 8
EPK 5
Zinc oxide (calc.) 3
Total 100

Na2O 0.18 Al2O3 0.36 SiO2 3.16
K2O 0.19 B2O3 0.32 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.04 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.33 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.13
BaO 0.14

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:8.90
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:4.72
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.67:3.17

Expansion: 80.0 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #2 Satiné/Brilliant

Custer feldspar 48
Gerstley borate 11
Frit 3134 12
Silica 12
Barium 9
EPK 5
Zinc oxide (calc.) 3
Total 100

Na2O 0.18 Al2O3 0.36 SiO2 3.16
K2O 0.19 B2O3 0.30 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.03 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.31 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.13
BaO 0.16

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:8.89
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:4.82
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.66:3.17

Expansion: 80.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #3 Satinée/Texturée

Kona F-4 47
Barium carbonate 14
Whiting 12
Gerstley borate 12
Silica 10
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 5
Total 100

Na2O 0.15 Al2O3 0.22 SiO2 1.73
K2O 0.06 B2O3 0.12 Fe2O3 0.00
MgO 0.03
CaO 0.44
ZnO 0.15
BaO 0.17

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:7.75
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:5.00
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.35:1.73

Expansion: 88.8 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion:
B2O3

Cone 4 #4 Quintessence Bristol

Custer feldspar 62
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 16
EPK 9
Whiting 9
Silica 4

Bentonite 2

Na2O 0.08 Al2O3 0.36 SiO2 2.22
K2O 0.17 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.00 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.24 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.50

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:6.10
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.12
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.36:2.23

Expansion: 82.0 x 10e-7 per degree C

Cone 4 #5 Satinée/Brillante

Lithium carbonate 5
Custer feldspar 36
Whiting 25
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 4
Magnesium carbonate 2
EPK 4
Silica 24
Total 100

Bentonite 3

Na2O 0.04 Al2O3 0.18 SiO2 1.93
K2O 0.09 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.05 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.56 Fe2O3 0.00
Li2O 0.15
ZnO 0.11

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:10.73
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:10.75
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.18:1.94

Expansion: 77.0 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: Li2O

Cone 4 #6 Texturée

EPK 20
Kaolin (Calc.) 20
Frit 3134 30
Gerstley borate 30
Total 100

Na2O 0.22 Al2O3 0.46 SiO2 1.82
K2O 0.01 B2O3 0.68 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.08 TiO2 0.01
CaO 0.69 Fe2O3 0.01

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:3.93
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:1.60
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:1.14:1.83

Expansion: 75.8 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #7 Satinée/Brillante

Gerstley borate 25
Frit 3134 25
EPK 16
Silica 34
Total 100

Bentonite 1

Na2O 0.22 Al2O3 0.23 SiO2 3.41
K2O 0.00 B2O3 0.68 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.08 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.69 Fe2O3 0.01

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:14.72
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:3.73
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.92:3.42

Expansion: 64.7 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #8 Transparente Glacée

Gerstley borate 16
Frit 3134 16
Silica 30
Custer feldspar 20
Talc 14
EPK 4
Total 100

Bentonite 2

Na2O 0.15 Al2O3 0.16 SiO2 3.16
K2O 0.07 B2O3 0.36 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.36 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.43 Fe2O3 0.00
MnO 0.00

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:19.44
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.08
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.52:3.16

Expansion: 63.5 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #9 Satiné/Brillante

Gerstley borate 16
Frit 3134 16
Silica 20
Custer feldspar 20
Talc 14
EPK 14
Total 100

Na2O 0.15 Al2O3 0.26 SiO2 2.85
K2O 0.07 B2O3 0.36 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.36 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.43 Fe2O3 0.00
MnO 0.00

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:10.81
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:4.58
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.62:2.86

Expansion: 65.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #10 Transparente

Lithium carbonate 5
Custer feldspar 36
Whiting 15
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 4
Magnesium carbonate 2
EPK 14
Silica 24
Total 100

Na2O 0.05 Al2O3 0.32 SiO2 2.64
K2O 0.11 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.06 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.44 Fe2O3 0.00
Li2O 0.19
ZnO 0.14

Alumina:Silica ratio is1.00:8.14
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:8.16
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.32:2.65

Expansion: 70.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: Li2O

Cone 4 #11 Satinée/Brillante

Gerstley borate 16
Frit 3134 16
Silica 20
Custer feldspar 20
Talc 14
EPK 14
Total 100

Na2O 0.15 Al2O3 0.26 SiO2 2.85
K2O 0.07 B2O3 0.36 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.36 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.43 Fe2O3 0.00
MnO 0.00

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:10.81
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:4.58
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.62:2.86

Expansion: 65.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone #12 Satinée/Brillante

Gerstley borate 22
Frit 3134 22
EPK 10
Kaolin (Calc) 8
Silica 38
Total 100

Bentonite 1

Na2O 0.22 Al2O3 0.29 SiO2 4.09
K2O 0.01 B2O3 0.68 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.08 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.69 Fe2O3 0.01

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:14.00
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:4.21
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.97:4.10

Expansion: 61.6 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #13 Transparente

Gerstley borate 20
Frit 3134 20
EPK 12
Kaolin (Calc.) 10
Silica 34
Magnesium carbonate 4
Total 100

Na2O 0.18 Al2O3 0.32 SiO2 3.52
K2O 0.00 B2O3 0.57 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.24 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.58 Fe2O3 0.01

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:11.08
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:3.97
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.89:3.53

Expansion: 60.4 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #14 Transparente

Frit 3134 21
Gerstley borate 21
EPK 13
Kaolin (Calc.) 10
Silica 35
Total 100

Na2O 0.22 Al2O3 0.38 SiO2 4.17
K2O 0.01 B2O3 0.69 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.08 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.69 Fe2O3 0.01

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:10.98
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:3.92
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:1.07:4.18

Expansion: 61.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #15 Satinée/Brillante

Gerstley borate 26
Frit 3134 26
EPK 14
Silica 34
Total 100

Na2O 0.22 Al2O3 0.19 SiO2 3.25
K2O 0.00 B2O3 0.69 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.08 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.69 Fe2O3 0.00

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:16.89
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:3.69
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.88:3.25

Expansion: 65.5 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone #16 Satinée/Brillante

Custer feldspar 36
Silica 22
Frit 3134 9
Gerstley borate 9
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 8
Barium carbonate 8
Talc 8
EPK 10
Total 100

Na2O 0.11 Al2O3 0.27 SiO2 2.76
K2O 0.11 B2O3 0.18 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.18 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.22 Fe2O3 0.00
MnO 0.00
ZnO 0.27
BaO 0.11

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:10.21
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.09
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.45:2.76

Expansion: 71.7 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #17 Satinée/Mate

Kona F-4 feldspar 59
EPK 15
Silica 12
Whiting 7
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 7
Total 100

Na2O 0.24 Al2O3 0.62 SiO2 3.57
K2O 0.11 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.00 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.32 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.32

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:5.75
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:5.76
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.62:3.58

Expansion: 74.9 x 10e-7 per degree C

Cone 4 #18 Satinée/Brillante

Custer feldspar 34
Strontium carbonate 10
Whiting 6
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 10
EPK 11
Silica 29
Total 100

Na2O 0.05 Al2O3 0.32 SiO2 3.12
K2O 0.12 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.00 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.20 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.40
SrO 0.22

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:9.72
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:9.73
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.32:3.13

Expansion: 73.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: SrO

Cone 4 #19 Quintessence

Custer feldspar 47
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 10
Wollastonite 15
Strontium carbonate 5
Whiting 16
Magnesium carbonate 2
Total 100

Na2O 0.05 Al2O3 0.33 SiO2 1.85
K2O 0.12 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.05 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.42 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.28
SrO 0.08

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:5.69
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:5.71
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.33:1.86

Expansion: 83.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: SrO

Cone 4 #20 Quintessence

Custer feldspar 49
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 11
Whiting 10
Strontium carbonate 9
EPK 13
Silica 6
Magnesium carbonate 2
Total 100

Na2O 0.06 Al2O3 0.33 SiO2 1.91
K2O 0.14 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.06 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.26 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.34
SrO 0.15

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:5.80
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:5.81
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.33:1.92

Expansion: 84.9 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: SrO

Cone 4 #21 Satinée/Texturée

Frit 3134 23
Gerstley borate 23
Barium carbonate 10
EPK 13
Kaolin (Calc.) 11
Silica 20
Total 100

Na2O 0.18 Al2O3 0.30 SiO2 2.43
K2O 0.00 B2O3 0.57 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.07 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.58 Fe2O3 0.00
BaO 0.17

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:8.06
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:2.79
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.87:2.44

Expansion: 73.0 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #22 Texturée

Frit 3134 32
Gerstley borate 32
Lithium carbonate 3
EPK 12
Kaolin (Calc.) 11
Silica 10
Total 100

Na2O 0.20 Al2O3 0.23 SiO2 1.66
K2O 0.00 B2O3 0.62 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.07 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.62 Fe2O3 0.00
Li2O 0.10

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:7.30
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:1.97
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.84:1.66

Expansion: 76.0 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: Li2O B2O3

Cone 4 #23 Transparent

Lithium carbonate 3
Custer feldspar 48
Wollastonite 21
Barium carbonate 4
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 2
Magnesium carbonate 4S
Silica 16
Total 100

Na2O 0.06 Al2O3 0.21 SiO2 2.52
K2O 0.13 Fe2O3 0.00
MgO 0.14
CaO 0.46
Li2O 0.10
ZnO 0.06
BaO 0.05
Total 100

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:12.11
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:12.12
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.21:2.52

Expansion: 75.6 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: Li2O

Cone 4 #24 Satiné Semi-Opaque

Nepheline syenite 38
EPK 3
Frit 3134 13
Whiting 15
Silica 29
Magnesium carbonate 2
Total 100

Na2O 0.27 Al2O3 0.31 SiO2 3.06
K2O 0.06 B2O3 0.13 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.07 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.60 Fe2O3 0.00

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:9.76
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.92
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.44:3.07

Expansion: 77.9 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #25 Quintessence

Custer feldspar 48
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 9
Whiting 19
EPK 14
Silica 6
Frit 3134 4
Total 100

Na2O 0.07 Al2O3 0.33 SiO2 1.97
K2O 0.13 B2O3 0.03 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.00 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.52 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.28

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:5.92
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:5.39
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.37:1.98

Expansion: 83.7 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #26 Transparent

Lepidolite 14
Spodumene 21
Frit 3134 19
Whiting 4
Barium carbonate 16
EPK 10
Silica 14
Magnesium carbonate 2
Total 100

Na2O 0.09 Al2O3 0.40 SiO2 2.40
K2O 0.05 B2O3 0.19 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.07 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.33 Fe2O3 0.00
Li2O 0.22
BaO 0.24

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:6.02
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:4.10
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.59:2.40

Expansion: 72.7 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: Li2O B2O3

Cone 4 #27 Glacée/Opaque

Custer feldspar 36
Silica 20
Frit 3134 10
Gerstley borate 10
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 9
Barium carbonate 8
Talc 7
Total 100

Bentonite 2

Na2O 0.11 Al2O3 0.17 SiO2 2.41
K2O 0.10 B2O3 0.20 TiO2 0.00
MgO 0.16 Fe2O3 0.00
CaO 0.23
MnO 0.00
ZnO 0.29
BaO 0.11

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00: 14.00
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.57
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.37:2.41

Expansion: 75.0 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #28 Glacée/Blanc Opaque

Frit 3134 10
Gerstley borate 10
Barium carbonate 7
Custer feldspar 43
Silica 24
EPK 1
Whiting 2
Zinc oxide 3
Total 100

Na2O 0.16 Al2O3 0.29 SiO2 3.68
K2O 0.17 B2O3 0.28 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.03 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.36 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.14
BaO 0.13

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:12.78
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.51
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.57:3.69

Expansion: 75.2 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone #29 Glacé

Frit 3134 8
Gerstley borate 8
Custer feldspar 46
Silica 19
EPK 4
Dolomite 6
Whiting 9
Total 100

Na2O 0.13 Al2O3 0.30 SiO2 3.01
K2O 0.16 B2O3 0.19 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.13 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.59 Fe2O3 0.00

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:10.13
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:6.18
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.49:3.01

Expansion: 76.3 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: B2O3

Cone 4 #30 Quintessence

Custer feldspar 31
Dolomite 10
Barium carbonate 9
Whiting 11
EPK 10
Silica 19
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 10
Total 100

Na2O 0.03 Al2O3 0.20 SiO2 1.71
K2O 0.08 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.12 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.38 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.28
BaO 0.10

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:8.35
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:8.36
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.20:1.71

Expansion: 79.0 x 10e-7 per degree C

Cone 4 #31 Opaque/Satiné

Custer feldspar 52
Whiting 5
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 9
Barium carbonate 11
Strontium carbonate 8
EPK 5
Silica 10
Total 100

Na2O 0.07 Al2O3 0.31 SiO2 2.30
K2O 0.16 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.00 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.15 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.31
SrO 0.15
BaO 0.16

Alumina:Silica ratio is 1.00:7.44
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:7.46
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.31:2.30

Expansion: 86.6 x 10e-7 per degree C
Oxides causing abnormal expansion: SrO

Cone 4 #32 Opaque/Satinée

Custer feldspar 48
Zinc oxide (Calc.) 11
Whiting 20
EPK 15
Silica 6
Total 100

Na2O 0.05 Al2O3 0.33 SiO2 1.85
K2O 0.13 P2O5 0.00
MgO 0.00 TiO2 0.00
CaO 0.49 Fe2O3 0.00
ZnO 0.33

Alumina:Silica ratio 1.00:5.59
Neutral:Acid ratio is 1.00:5.60
Alk:Neut:Acid ratio is 1.00:0.33:1.86

Expansion: 83.6 x 10e-7 per degree C